行星齿轮传动的功率分流动态均衡优化设计

本文研究了浮动件支承刚度对行星齿轮功率分流动态均衡性的影响,引入功率分流动态不均衡系数K_c和动载系数 K_d,定量地描述了不同支承刚度下功率在各行星齿轮间分配不均衡程度和啮合动载荷波动程度。以浮动件支承刚度为设计变量,使 K_c和 K_d 达到极小为目标函数,采用遗传算法对 2 K -H行星齿轮传动进行了动态优化设计。研究表明:优化后的行星齿轮传动不仅固有频率有所降低,而且在工作转速附近,功率分流不均衡及动载荷皆有较大改善。      

立式捏合机桨叶结构参数对混合釜流场影响的仿真分析

为揭示立式捏合机桨叶几何结构参数与混合釜流场之间的关系,以1 L两桨立式捏合机为研究对象,采用计算流体力学ANSYS Fluent 14.5软件对立式捏合机进行了三维模型仿真研究,分析了桨叶结构参数(桨桨间隙、桨叶螺旋角)的改变对混合物料挤压应力和剪切应力的影响。结果表明,增大桨桨间隙可减小桨叶对混合物料的挤压应力和剪切应力,空心桨螺旋角分别为40°、45°、50°,桨桨间隙由1.0 mm增加到3.0 mm,挤压应力、剪切应力分别平均减小了82.4%、57.23%;增大桨叶螺旋角可增大桨叶对混合物料的挤压应力和剪切应力,空心桨间隙分别为1.0、2.0 mm,桨叶螺旋角由35°增加到55°,挤压应力、剪切应力分别平均增加了92.8%、55.7%。     

Debris Discs Around Stars: The 2004 ISO Legacy

Debris discs around stars were first discovered by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) in 1983. For the first time material orbiting another star than the Sun, but distinct from a circumstellar envelope, was observed through its far infrared emission. This major discovery motivated astronomers to investigate those discs by further analyzing the IRAS data, using ground-based telescopes for the hunting of exoplanets, developing several projects using the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), and now exploiting the ISO Data Archive (IDA). This review presents the main ISO results, statistical as well as individual, on debris discs in orbit around pre-main-sequence and main-sequence stars. Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.     

Solar Influences on Dynamical Coupling Between the Stratosphere and Troposphere

We use a simplified atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) to investigate the response of the lower atmosphere to thermal perturbations in the lower stratosphere. The results show that generic heating of the lower stratosphere tends to weaken the sub-tropical jets and the tropospheric mean meridional circulations. The positions of the jets, and the extent of the Hadley cells, respond to the distribution of the stratospheric heating, with low latitude heating displacing them poleward, and uniform heating displacing them equatorward. The patterns of response to the low latitude heating are similar to those found to be associated with solar variability in previous observational data analysis, and to the effects of varying solar UV radiation in sophisticated AGCMs. In order to investigate the chain of causality involved in converting the stratospheric thermal forcing to a tropospheric climate signal we conduct an experiment which uses an ensemble of model spin-ups to analyse the time development of the response to an applied stratospheric perturbation. We find that the initial effect of the change in static stability at the tropopause is to reduce the eddy momentum flux convergence in this region. This is followed by a vertical transfer of the momentum forcing anomaly by an anomalous mean circulation to the surface, where it is partly balanced by surface stress anomalies. The unbalanced part drives the evolution of the vertically integrated zonal flow. We conclude that solar heating of the stratosphere may produce changes in the circulation of the troposphere even without any direct forcing below the tropopause. We suggest that the impact of the stratospheric changes on wave propagation is key to the mechanisms involved.     

Cassini Radio Science

Cassini radio science investigations will be conducted both during the cruise (gravitational wave and conjunction experiments) and the Saturnian tour of the mission (atmospheric and ionospheric occultations, ring occultations, determinations of masses and gravity fields). New technologies in the construction of the instrument, which consists of a portion on-board the spacecraft and another portion on the ground, including the use of the Ka-band signal in addition to that of the S- and X-bands, open opportunities for important discoveries in each of the above scientific areas, due to increased accuracy, resolution, sensitivity, and dynamic range.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

封闭差动齿轮系统振动传递路径贡献度分析

针对封闭差动齿轮系统在减振降噪方面的需求,提出了一种从传动系统运动分析的角度出发确定其振动传递路径并分析各路径贡献度的研究方法。以齿轮啮合时产生的时变啮合刚度和误差等效位移作为内部激励,分析封闭差动齿轮系统的振动传递路径,基于功率流法分析各振动传递路径的贡献度。研究结果表明:振动接受结构输出轴、差动级太阳轮和封闭级行星轮在最大共振频率下对应的最大共振幅值分别为14 010、3 314 (m/s2)/Hz和95 180 (m/s2)/Hz;包含封闭级内齿圈和输出轴的路径4在差动级外啮合激励、差动级内啮合激励、封闭级外啮合激励和封闭级内啮合激励对应的振动传递路径贡献度百分比分别为777%、775%、786%和699%,封闭级内齿圈和输出轴在封闭差动齿轮系统振动传递中起主要作用。     

一种行星安全着陆点综合评估方法

随着精确着陆技术的发展,探测器在行星表面可到达的地区形貌状况越来越复杂。为了保障着陆的安全性,在下降过程中探测器需要结合敏感器信息对视野范围内的着陆区形貌进行评估分析,从而选取出最适宜着陆的地区。针对这一问题,本文提出一种行星安全着陆点选取思路,并设计出着陆点选取的参考指标,通过对形貌以及燃耗的评估,实时选取安全着陆点。MATLAB仿真结果表明,针对快速选取过程和遍历选取过程,该方法均能够在两种过程中有效选取出满足要求的着陆点,从而提高了任务的成功率与安全性。     

行星着陆自主导航与制导控制研究现状与趋势

行星着陆自主导航与制导控制技术是行星着陆过程的核心技术之一,关系到行星着陆任务的成败。本文基于未来火星和小天体着陆对自主导航与制导控制技术的发展需求,阐述了进一步开展自主导航与制导控制研究的必要性,围绕行星着陆过程环境特点,分析了自主导航与制导控制技术所遇到的挑战,随后概括了行星着陆自主导航与制导控制所涉及的关键技术,并综述了关键技术的研究现状。最后对我国未来行星着陆探测自主导航与制导控制技术的发展方向进行了展望。     

直升机行星架疲劳裂纹扩展寿命预测

直升机行星齿轮保持架（简称行星架）是传动系统的重要部件,其可靠性对于直升机的飞行安全至关重要。行星架疲劳裂纹故障的发生、发展受多种因素影响,其故障诊断和寿命预测都有难度。为准确预测行星架疲劳裂纹寿命,研究了其裂纹故障发生、发展规律,提出了基于对数线性的方法,将裂纹扩展过程离散化处理,采用Paris公式,定量描述裂纹扩展速率,结合Miner准则,累积其疲劳损伤过程,最终得到随裂纹长度变化的行星架剩余使用寿命数值。利用有限元软件ANSYS Workbench的疲劳寿命模块对计算得到的数值结果进行了仿真对比,验证了方法的精确性和有效性。